ABSTRACT
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a syndrome characterised by productive cough with bronchiectasis and sinusitis early in life and reduced fertility later in life. PCD is a rare syndrome with an estimated incidence of 1: 20,000 to 30,000 . Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a genetic disorder which manifests early in life and that distinguish it from the acquired mucociliary disorders . Here we discuss one such case of Kartagener’s syndrome that presented to us with bronchiectasis , recurrent sinusitis with primary infertility and situs inversus , all of which which fit into the triad of Kartagener’s syndrome.
ABSTRACT
Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell cancer in which antibody-producing plasma cells grow in an uncontrolled and invasive way. The known incidence of multiple myeloma in India ranges from 0.5 to 1.2 per 100,000 & is a rare in India. It usually occurs in persons older than 55 years and the ratio of men: women is 3:2. Multiple myeloma affects the bones, immune system, kidneys and red blood cell count. We report a case of refractory multiple myeloma.
ABSTRACT
Digoxin is mainly used for heart failure and arrhythmias like atrial flutter and fibrillation. Digoxin is like double edged sword because of its potency to cause life threatening complications like various arrhythmias. Furthermore, it is difficult and important to recognize cardio toxicity caused by digoxin to prevent threat to life. We report a case which was initially diagnosed as arrhythmia and later turned as digoxin toxicity.
ABSTRACT
Wilson disease of Progressive Lenticular Degeneration is a familial nervous disease associated with Cirrhosis of the Liver. It has been observed that there is an increased copper content of the liver and brain. Increased excretion of copper in patients with Wilson disease & increased even more after administration of the chelating agent British anti-Lewisite (BAL). Ciruloplasmin, serum protein that binds copper, is reduced. The deposition of copper in tissues is the cause of virtually all the manifestations of the disease in Liver Blood Kidney & Brain We have observed three different cases of different clinical presentations.
ABSTRACT
Background: Studies in the western literature show a linear relationship between degree of microalbuminuria and body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and duration of diabetes. Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with age, sex, body mass index, serum creatinine level and development of diabetic retinopathy in Indian population. Materials and Methods: Sixty one (35 males and 26 females) with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus of duration of six months and negative for albumin in urine by albustic method were included in study. Detailed clinical history was taken followed by a thorough physical examination that included neurological examination and fundoscopic examination. Micral test was used for estimation of microalbuminuria. Results: Overall prevalence of microalbuminuria in the present study is 54.09%. Among the patients with microalbuminuria, 24 males and 9 were females. Pearson correlation of microalbuminuria with age showed statisestically significant linear relationship. Gender-wise correlation analysis of microalbuminuria show statistical significant high prevalence of microalbuminuria in male. Correlation of microalbuminuria with body mass index was not significant (p>0.05). Serum creatinine is also not correlated with microalbuminuria statistically. Incidence of microalbuminuria increases with age as well as with increased duration of diabetes mellitus. There is no effect of body mass index on the prevalence of microalbuminuria. Development of changes of diabetic retinopathy is associated with microalbuminuria and this correlation is statistically significant ( p<0.05 ). Conclusion: Microalbuminuria occurs commonly in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics and it is associated with development of diabetic retinopathy. Screening for this associated factor of diabetic nephropathy is recommended as a routine in all newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients to prevent further renal damage. Our finding supports routine screening for microalbuminuria as part of the initial evaluation of these patients.